3.1 First steps with Ashes
3.1.1 Downloading and installing
3.1.2 Computer requirements
3.1.3 Logging in
3.1.4 Starting window
3.1.5 Simulation window
3.1.6 Video Tutorials
3.1.7 Your user account
3.1.8 Release notes
3.1.8.1 Ashes 3.20
3.1.8.2 Ashes 3.19
3.1.8.3 Ashes 3.18
3.1.8.4 Ashes 3.17
3.1.8.5 Ashes 3.16
3.1.8.6 Ashes 3.15
3.1.8.7 Ashes 3.14
3.1.8.8 Older versions
3.1.9 Network installation guide
3.2 Designing your wind turbine
3.2.1 File formats
3.2.1.1 Airfoil geometry file
3.2.1.2 Airfoil polar file
3.2.1.3 Blade shape file
3.2.1.4 Blade structure file
3.2.1.5 Currents file
3.2.1.6 Load history file
3.2.1.7 Stepwise wind file
3.2.1.8 Support section files
3.2.1.8.1 Keywords
3.2.1.8.2 Support section examples
3.2.1.9 Wave spectrum file
3.2.2 Coordinate systems
3.2.3 Reference models
3.2.3.1 NREL 5-MW
3.2.3.2 DTU 10-MW
3.2.3.3 IEA 15-MW
3.2.3.4 IEA 22-MW
3.2.3.5 Hawc2 to Ashes
3.2.3.6 Mass and stiffness matrices to Ashes format
3.2.4 Create a custom rated power turbine
3.2.5 OpenFAST input into Ashes
3.2.6 Create a custom controller
3.2.7 Published models
3.3 Parts
3.3.1 Environment
3.3.1.1 Atmosphere
3.3.1.1.1 Live wind
3.3.1.1.2 Uniform wind
3.3.1.1.3 IEC extreme wind
3.3.1.1.4 Sine wind
3.3.1.1.5 Linear wind
3.3.1.1.6 Stepwise wind
3.3.1.1.7 Turbulent wind
3.3.1.2 Ground
3.3.1.3 Sea
3.3.1.3.1 Live wave
3.3.1.3.2 Regular wave
3.3.1.3.3 Irregular waves-single spectrum
3.3.1.3.4 Irregular waves-double spectrum
3.3.1.3.5 Currents
3.3.1.3.6 Stream function waves
3.3.1.4 Seabed
3.3.2 Wind turbine
3.3.2.1 RNA
3.3.2.1.1 Rotor
3.3.2.1.1.1 Hub
3.3.2.1.1.1.1 Blade connection
3.3.2.1.1.2 Blades
3.3.2.1.1.3 Pitch actuators
3.3.2.1.2 Main shaft
3.3.2.1.3 Nacelle frame
3.3.2.1.4 Demanded pitch
3.3.2.1.4.1 Fixed
3.3.2.1.4.2 PID controller
3.3.2.1.4.3 Live
3.3.2.1.4.4 Bladed DLL
3.3.2.1.4.5 Python script
3.3.2.1.5 Generator
3.3.2.1.5.1 None
3.3.2.1.5.2 Variable speed
3.3.2.1.5.3 Induction
3.3.2.1.5.4 PMSG radial
3.3.2.1.5.5 PID controller
3.3.2.1.5.6 Live
3.3.2.1.5.7 Bladed DLL
3.3.2.1.5.8 Python script
3.3.2.1.6 Gearbox
3.3.2.1.7 Yaw actuator
3.3.2.1.7.1 Fixed
3.3.2.1.7.2 PID controller
3.3.2.1.7.3 Python script
3.3.2.2 Support structure
3.3.2.2.1 Tubular tower
3.3.2.2.2 Truss tower
3.3.2.2.3 Monopile
3.3.2.2.4 Floater - Semi-submersible
3.3.2.2.5 Floater - Spar buoy
3.3.2.2.6 Mooring system
3.3.2.2.6.1 Mooring lines
3.3.2.3 FEM Parts
3.3.2.4 Python script controller
3.4 Sensors
3.4.1 Adding a sensor
3.4.2 Sensor list
3.4.2.1 Beam element sensor
3.4.2.2 Blade [Span] sensor
3.4.2.3 Blade [Time] sensor
3.4.2.4 Blade aerodynamical station sensor
3.4.2.5 Bladed DLL [Swap array] sensor
3.4.2.6 Demanded pitch sensor
3.4.2.7 Fatigue sensor
3.4.2.8 Floater motion sensor
3.4.2.9 Fluid kinematics sensor
3.4.2.10 Generator sensor
3.4.2.11 Generator [electrical] sensor
3.4.2.12 Individual load sensor
3.4.2.13 Loads on node sensor
3.4.2.14 Mooring line sensor
3.4.2.15 Node sensor
3.4.2.16 Pitch actuator sensor
3.4.2.17 Performance sensor
3.4.2.18 Rotor sensor
3.4.2.19 Rotor [Aero] sensor
3.4.2.20 Sea sensor
3.4.2.21 Solver sensor
3.4.2.22 Support sensor
3.4.2.23 Total hydro loads sensor
3.4.2.24 Total loads sensor
3.4.2.25 ULS sensor
3.4.2.26 Wind sensor
3.4.3 Customise sensor fields
3.4.4 Export the data
3.4.5 Velocity triangle
3.4.6 Visualize the data
3.5 Preferences
3.6 Simulations and analyses
3.6.1 Analysis parameters
3.6.1.1 Analysis
3.6.1.2 Initial conditions
3.6.1.3 Aerodynamics
3.6.1.4 Hydrodynamics
3.6.2 Static analysis
3.6.3 Eigenmodes
3.6.4 Rotor characteristics
3.6.5 Fatigue
3.6.6 Model Information
3.6.7 Using the command-line interface (ashes-cli)
3.7 Display settings
3.8 Batch manager
3.8.1 Batch window
3.8.2 Cloud computing
3.8.3 DLC generator
3.8.4 CSV file
3.9 Turbulent Wind Creator
3.9.1 Turbulent wind tool
3.9.2 Mann turbulence generator
3.10 Databases
3.10.1 Blade database
3.10.2 Airfoil database
3.10.3 RNA database
3.11 Cloud functionalities
3.11.1 Cloud storage
3.11.2 Cloud sharing
3.11.3 Cloud computing
3.12 Python API in Ashes
3.12.1 Creating a Python Controller
3.12.2 Routing a Simulink and Labview Controllers through Python
3.12.3 Filtering out unnecessary data
3.12.4 Debugging the controller
3.13 Debugging your simulations
3.13.1 Crash report
3.13.1.1 Debug log file
3.13.1.2 Actions log file
3.13.1.3 Minidump file
3.13.1.4 Ashes project
3.13.2 Debugging the controller
3.13.3 Error messages
3.13.3.1 Displacement and load residual tolerances were not reached
3.13.3.2 The hub must be higher than half of the turbulent wind field height
3.13.3.3 Ill-conditioned or non-invertible system
3.13.3.4 Duplicated blades
3.13.3.5 One or more parts of the model have errors
3.13.3.6 A rotor moved outside of the boundary of the turbulent wind field
3.13.3.7 The turbulent wind file was not found
3.13.3.8 The spring had a displacement outside the range provided
3.13.3.9 The solver detected infinite numerical values
3.13.3.10 The analysis ran into a numerical problem
3.13.3.11 Damping parameters give unphisical values
3.13.3.12 The controller DLL was not running
3.13.3.13 Induced velocity was larger than relative velocity
3.13.3.14 File import
3.13.3.14.1 Unrecognized keywords
3.13.3.14.2 All offsets have to be zero at the root
3.13.3.14.3 The blade name was not found in the database
3.13.3.14.4 Part name not found
3.13.3.14.5 Parameter not used in the context
3.13.3.14.6 Values in table must be strictly increasing
3.13.3.14.7 Not a valid tag parameter
3.13.3.14.8 A tag cannot have a tag that influences placed after it
3.13.3.14.9 The name of the imported support section must be equal to the name of the existing support section
3.13.3.14.10 File for parameter X could not be loaded
3.13.3.14.11 Number of RNAs in the imported file error
3.13.3.14.12 Duplicated sensor
3.13.3.15 Python API errors
3.13.3.15.1 Python script maximum timeout exceeded
3.13.3.15.2 Could not find a Python executable
3.13.3.15.3 The Python script process exited with an error message
3.14 Data files